Using a Spiral Intervention to Lessen the Mathematics Achievement Gap in An Ap® Precalculus Classroom: A Mixed Methods Study

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Education (Ed.D)

Department

Curriculum and Instruction

Date of Award

Fall 2025

Abstract

The purpose of this explanatory sequential mixed-methods research study was to measure the effectiveness of a spiral intervention given to high school students who were enrolled in an AP Precalculus course that aids students in the long-term memory of procedural and declarative knowledge to increase mathematics academic achievement. Literature involving mathematics achievement through the use of cognitive load theory and constructivism was discussed along with several types of interventions that aid with the transfer, recall, and retention of mathematics knowledge and skills through the use of worked examples. Two phases of data collection was conducted where Phase I involved the collection of assessment scores through the use of an AP Precalculus Practice Exam. Phase II involved implementing the spiral intervention that includedstudent artifact observations as a way to gauge learning regarding knowledge and skills. An open-ended survey was given after students sat for the posttest. The results of this study are discussed along with implications and recommendations for future research.

Advisor

Melanie Fields

Subject Categories

Education

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